Apparatus for burning brick



. DICKINSON vAPPLICATION FILED FEB-6,19I9.

.II H HHI I I HUI iI I-THHI m #1143 #31; 9 I 11,

by t T c E 0 M S d 3 W m W. W. DICKINSON, 1a. -.APPA RATUS FOR BURNING BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6, 1919. 1,355,821 Patented Oct. 19, 1920.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. W. DICKINSON, JR.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICK.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 6. 1919.

1,355,821. Patented Oct. 19,1920.

v3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.'

MW m 3,, w.

I invention will become apparent as the del untrue STATES WILLIAM w. DICKINSON, JR.,

mu OFFICE.

or LITTLE ROCK, ARKANSAS.

APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICK;

2' '0 all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM'W. DICKIN- SUN, Jr, a citizen of the United States, re-. siding at Little Rock, in the county of Pulaski and State of Arkansas, have 1nvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for Burning Brick, of whlch the following is a full, clear, and-exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. 7

This invention relates to the burning of 1 brick and has for its general object the provision of new and s'implifiedapparatus for the performance of such burning whereby the amount of permanent construction is decreased, whereby heat is conserved, and.

whereby the employment of inclosed structures is avoided thus permitting the building and demolition of the kiln by means of labor-saving transporting devices. -More specifically, the present invention is for certain improvements in detail over the devlces and apparatus illustrated in my earlier a plication filed March 18, l918,. Ser1al 0, 223,026; the provision of a construction of kilns such that no above ground permanent construction is employed and the below ground construction much reduced, and entirely removed from underneath the kiln; while further objects and advantages of the scription proceeds.

In the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this applicatiom'I have shown the preferred embodiment of my said invention, although it will beunderstood that this drawing is illustrative merely and does not limit me to the details of construction.

therein shown. In these drawings Figure 1 represents a top plan view of a series of kilns and their adjuncts embodying myimprovements; Fig. 2 represents a side elevation of the same kilns'together with the kiln-shed and showing the kilns in diiferent states of completion; Fig. 3 is a sectional view corresponding to the line 33 of-F 1g. 1; Fig. 1 is atop plan view ofthe kilns shown in Fig. 3, portions of the same being broken away to different levels to illustrate the interior arrangement; Figs. 5 and 6 are transverse sectional viewson the lines 5--5 and 6-6 of Fig. 1, repectively; and Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of thedraft-hole covers. 7 e

The general construction employed in the present apparatus is substantiallythe same specification'of Let'tersPatent. Patented Oct. 19, 1 920. Applicationfiled February G, 1919. Serial No. 275,329.

. are provided whereby sides by vertical as that shown in my'application of March 18, 1918, Serial No. 223,026, namely: that I build a large number of kilns in a row, adjacentkilns being separated by a narrow passageway defined between impervious transverse walls, and said passageway communicating in each case with the upper part of the kiln on the one side while being completely out of communication with the kiln upon its opposite side. Each kiln is formed with eyes or arches at the bottom for the entrance of the heating agent, and is covered over at the top to prevent the direct escape of combustion products; and means the narrow passage way leading from each kiln may be put into communication with the eyes or arches of the next succeeding kiln,other means being provided for creating a draft from the ter:

minal kiln. "In the drawings, A, B, C, D,

Y, Z, represent the kilns which are here shown as bounded at the viously burned brick and lined interior'ly with a layer 2,

the transverse walls 3 3 4 4 5, 5', etc., dividing the space between the walls 1, 1 into rectangular compartments, the wall 3* being separated from the wall 4 the wall 4 from the wall 5 etc., so as to produce the passageways a, ,b, 0, etc., heretofore mentioned; These transverse walls are prefer ably made of unburned brick and the end walls of the kiln are generally covered with a layer or outside course of burned brick as shown at 6. Each of the transverse walls 3", 4 5 etc., terminates at a point below the top of the remaining walls so that the passageways a, b, 0,etc. communicate with the kiln chambers A, B, C

Inside the' chambers thus formed the bricks tobe burned are piled in the usual well-known manner, leaving the customary eyes or arches 7, 7fwhich run from side to side of the kiln and register with similarl openings in the side walls '1, 1. I have also shown the passageway a as loosely piled with unburned brick, the better to prevent 2 of unburned carbon-com taming brick. Connecting these walls are parallel walls '1, 1 of preetc., respectively. 7

buckling of the walls thereof under the in- J fluence of the heat, but this in all cases. In any event, of this passageway ought to unobstructed. This may be therein anarch or eye just the body of the kiln; but

is not necessary the bottom part be left open and done by forming as was done in another mode which I have used with much success is to bridge the passa eway from point to point with elongated re brick 8, 8 upon which the unburned bricks are laid, I have also had very good success in laying such fire brick near the top of the passageways as shown at 8' in Fig. 3 (either with or without other fire brick ties in the logger artof the assa eway) and building the un urned bric c s'onIy to or into the upper end of such passageway. These are minor refinements and subordinate to my present. invention, it being only essential that each wall of a pair should be shorter than the other wall so that the passageway may communicate with one of the kiln-chambers and not with the other, t he lower end of each passageway opening through the exterior wall 1 by burned bricks below; and I have found it advantageous, as explained in my former means of an aperture 9. v

The top of theentire kiln-structure is covered with a latting 10 of previously burned bricks whic is held in placeby the unapplication, to make the topmost courses of the kiln out of carboncontaining brick, since the burning'of the outer layers is thereby facilitated.- i

.For the purpose of conveying the heated gases and combustion products from one kiln to the next I have illustratedthe use of movable conduits, preferably consisting of elongated metal casings 12, 12 each having at one end the deflected portion 13 adapted tocommunicate with one of the openings 9, and the body thereof being formed with spaced apertures 14 adapted to register with v the eyes or arches 7, 7 of the succeeding kiln,

communication being establishedby means of sheet metal thimbles 15, 15. The interior of each of the casings is lined with fire brick or other refractory material as shown at 16,

and the portion of the eyesor arches not occu ied by the thimbles 15 is filled with a ru ble wall 17 i I have shown the casings 12 as encircled by hoops 18 provided with eyes 19 adapted for the-reception of suitable falls whereby the devices may be moved along the kilns as necessity requires, but it will'be clear that other means, such as cars,

rollers, or the like could'be employed.

Any desired number of these casings can beemployed in connection with a single kiln row, and different classes and qualities of brick will frequentlyrequire, different treatment. In the usual condition I prefer to connect only three kilnsin series, using for V the purplose two of these casings on each side as s series, the products of combustion being conveyed to the second kiln for warming and preheating, and thence to the third kiln for drying, after which the moist air is conveyed to the exhaust but a larger or smaller numown in Figs. 1 and 2. In this case fire is applied only to the first kiln of the ber of kilns could be connected in the series within my invention if found necessary and desirable.

'For the creation of the necessary draft any: suitable or desired means can be employed,

the simplest and most satisfactory which I have so far conceived being the provision of a pair of horizontal underground tunnels 25, 25, one outside of and parallel to each of I the side walls 1, 1, said tunnels being connected together at one or both ends of the kiln row as'by a transverse tunnel 26 and also rovided with exhausting apparatus 27 whic may be aichimney, exhaust-fan, or other equivalent. Each of these tunnels25 is provided opposite each of the apertures 9 with an upwardly opening draft hole 30, adapted to receive either a cover'31 where'- by it may be closed or an elbow 32 connect-i of demolition. It is feasible also to arrange kilns in circular or rectangular or otherendless manner so that the burning may be truly continuous as heretofore described in my application Serial No. 223,026 above referred to.

It will be understood that numerous changes in details of construction, arrangement, manipulations-and procedure can be adopted within the scope of my inventive idea.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 2 V Z I j 1. In combination, a plurality of brick kilns each having its interior part of bricks loosely piled and formed with eyes or arches, and having itstop and sides formed of bricks closely piled,'one of the sides of each kiln being formed with a vertical passageway which communicates at its upper end "with the interior of said kilnadjacent to its top and is formed at itsilowerend with. an opening, and amovable conduit adapted to connect saidlopening with the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln.

2.'In combination, a plurality of brick kilns each having its interior part of'brick's loosely piled and formed with eyes or arches, and having its top and sides formed of bricks closely. piled, one of thesides of" each kiln beingfiformed with a vertical pas sageway which communicates at its upper end with the interior of said kiln adjacent to its top and is formed at its lower'end with an. opening, a draft duct adjacent to all said openings, a movable conduit adapted to connect any one of said openings wlth the eyes or arches of the next succeeding kiln, and a movable conduit adapted to con- Eiect any one of said openings to said draft uct.

3. In combination, a plurality of brick kilns built in a row and each having eyes or arches, successive kilns being'spaced apart to define vertical passageways, the upper end of each passageway communicating only with the kiln at one side of itself and the lower end of each passageway having an opening, and a movable conduit member adapted to connect any opening with the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln.

4. In combination, a plurality of brick kilns built in a row and each having eyes or arches extending transversely of such row, successive kilns being spaced apart longitudinally of the row to define vertical passageways, the upper end of each passage way communicating only with the kiln at one side of itself and the lower end of each passageway having at each end a laterally facing opening, and movable conduit members located upon opposite sides of said row and adapted to connect said openings with eyes or arches of the next succeeding 5. In combination, a plurality of brick kilns built in a row and eachhaving eyes or arches, successive kilns being spaced apart to define vertical passageways, the upper end of each passageway communicating only with the kiln at one side of itself and the lower end of each passageway having an opening, and a movable conduit having near one end an opening adapted to register with said last named opening and formed in its sides with other openings registering with the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln.

6. In combination, a plurality of brick kilns built in a row and each having eyes or arches, successive kilns being spaced apart to define vertical passageways, the upper end of each passageway communicating only with the kiln at one side of itself and the lower end of each passageway having an opening, a movable conduit having near one end a mouth adapted to register with said last named opening and formed tunnels for the escape of combustion products having openings adjacent said first openings, movable conduit members whereby the passageway openings of one kiln can be connected with the eyes or arches of an other kiln, means foriconnecting to said tunnel openings the openings of said other kiln, and a suction device connected with kiln at one side of itself and the lower end of each passageway having an opening at each end, each of said tunnels having an opening adjacent to the passageway opening, movable conduit members adapted to establish communication between any passage opening and its corresponding tunnel opening, and other movable conduit members adapted to establish communication between any other passage opening and the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln.

9. In brick burning apparatus, in c0mbination, a pair of spaced tunnels, each tunnel having a plurality of spaced apertures'opening through the ground surface, a row of brick kilns located between said tunnels and each having transverse eyes or arches, successive kilns being spaced apart to define passageways which register with said tunnel apertures, the end walls of said passageways being apertured and the upper part of said passageways c0mmunieating with theupper part of the respective kilns, and right angular conduit members adapted to be applied to said passage openings, certain of the same having lateral openings adapted to register with the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln and others of the same having downturned openings adapted to register with said tunnel apertures.

10. A conduit member for the purpose described comprising a hollow, elongated, metal casing having one end angularly turned and the other end closed, a refractory lining inside said casing and a plurality of spaced openings through the wall and lin-' ing of said casing and having their axes parallel to the axis of said laterally turned end.

11. A conduit member for the purpose described comprising a hollow elongated metal casing having one end angularly turned and the other end closed, a refractory lining inside said casing, and a plurality of spaced openings through the wall and lining of said casing and having their axes parallel to the axis of said laterally turned end, in combination with removable thimduit and each having eyes or arches entering the lower part and -a downwardly extending passageway communicating with the. upper part of each of said passageways terminating in'an opening, and said draft conduit having openings near said passageway openings, 'IDOVablB conduit members adapted to establish communica' tion between any passageway opening and 0116-. of said draft conduit openings, and other movable conduit members adapted to establish communication between any other passageway opening and the eyes or arches of the succeeding kiln.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto 'aflix my signature.

I WILLIAM wqnionmson, in. 

